A Modeling Approach for Predicting Pyrethroid Residues in Urban Water Bodies for Use in Environmental Risk Assessments
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ABSTRACT
An urban residential pesticide exposure modeling approach using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) has been developed and validated in a high density residential watershed in southern California. The approach incorporates pyrethroid wash-off characteristics from pervious and impervious surfaces, neighborhood characteristics, and local pyrethroid application practices. This modeling approach was extended to the Southeast, South Central, Northwest, North Central, Northeast, and Mid-Atlantic US through parameterization of local use practices, along with local weather and irrigation characteristics. Application of the SWMM modeling approach to a broader population of regional conditions has provided aquatic exposure estimates important for developing a comprehensive higher tier ecological risk assessment for pyrethroids at the national scale.